Npas2, encoding the neuronal PAS domain protein 2, is a core gene of the molecular clockwork. It binds with DNA at E-box sequences, forms heterodimers with BMAL1, and plays regulatory roles in metabolic pathways, is crucial for the central nervous system function in mammals, and is involved in carcinogenesis as well as normal biological functions like cardiovascular function and wound healing [1,3].

In disease-related research, Npas2-null mouse models have shown that down-regulation of Npas2 promotes surgical skin wound healing. In vitro, the hit compound Dwn1 that suppresses Npas2 expression increased murine dermal fibroblast cell migration and decreased collagen synthesis. In vivo, Dwn1-treated dermal wounds in mice healed faster with better mechanical strength and less granulation tissue [5]. In lung adenocarcinoma cells, depletion of Npas2 increased susceptibility to cisplatin treatment, and mRNA sequencing analysis revealed that Npas2 deficiency downregulated genes crucial to DNA repair. In-vivo experiments further confirmed its role in modulating cisplatin's effect [2]. In prostate cancer, knockdown of Npas2 in nude mouse models inhibited cell proliferation, promoted apoptosis, and suppressed tumor growth. It also affected glucose metabolism, with Npas2 knockdown leading to decreased glucose uptake and lactate production [4].

In conclusion, Npas2 is essential for various biological functions including circadian rhythm regulation, metabolic control, and tissue-specific functions. Studies using Npas2 knockout models have revealed its significant roles in cancer development and wound healing, providing valuable insights into potential therapeutic strategies for these disease areas.