Cebpz, also known as CCAAT/enhancer binding protein zeta, is a transcription factor that plays crucial roles in various biological processes. It is involved in ribosomal RNA (rRNA) processing, with its functions in this regard being conserved in vertebrates [5]. It may also contribute to important regulatory pathways in energy metabolism and immune regulation, as indicated by its identification as a hub gene in the context of epicardial adipose tissue's role in the relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and atrial fibrillation [4]. Additionally, it has been associated with pathways related to leukaemia, adipogenic differentiation, and melanoma cell death [1,2,3].

In glucocorticoid-associated osteonecrosis of the femoral head, exosomal miR-1a-3p from glucocorticoid-stimulated M1 macrophages promotes the adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by targeting Cebpz [2]. In melanoma, PIKFYVE inhibitors upregulate interleukin-24 (IL24) through the DDIT3/CHOP/CEBPz transcription factor, leading to melanoma cell death [3].

In conclusion, Cebpz is involved in diverse biological processes such as rRNA processing, energy metabolism, and immune regulation. Studies, like those in the context of glucocorticoid-associated osteonecrosis of the femoral head and melanoma, using relevant models have revealed its role in disease-related processes. These findings contribute to our understanding of the biological functions of Cebpz and its potential as a therapeutic target in certain diseases.