Rbmx2, short for RNA binding motif protein, X-linked 2, is involved in multiple biological processes. It participates in transcription regulation of cells [1]. It also plays a role in apoptosis-related RNA splicing, specifically promoting epithelial cell apoptosis by regulating the retention intron of apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1 (APAF-1) after Mycobacterium bovis infection [2]. Additionally, the Rbmx2 gene has been associated with bipolar disorder, as an Alu element deletion in its intron 3 may contribute to the disease development [3].

In Theileria annulata infection, the subtelomere-encoded variable secreted protein TA05575 binds to RBMX2-like protein, which might be related to the transformation of bovine leukocytes by the parasite [1]. In zebrafish, mutants of rbmx2, a component of the RES complex, show a global defect in intron splicing and a marked neural phenotype with increased cell death in the brain and a decrease in differentiated neurons, indicating its importance in early embryogenesis [4].

In summary, Rbmx2 is crucial for transcription regulation, apoptosis-related RNA splicing, and early embryogenesis. Its association with Theileria annulata-induced cell transformation and bipolar disorder provides insights into the pathogenesis of these conditions. The study of Rbmx2 through genetic models such as mutants in zebrafish helps to understand its biological functions and contributions to disease mechanisms [1,2,3,4].