SPTBN5, encoding the βV -spectrin protein, is a gene of significance in the context of cytoskeletons. Spectrins, including those encoded by SPTBN5, are components of cytoskeletons, binding to cytoskeletal elements and the plasma membrane, enabling proper localization of essential membrane proteins, signal transduction, and cellular scaffolding [2].

Whole exome sequencing has associated SPTBN5 gene variants (such as c.266A>C; p.His89Pro, c.9784G>A; p.Glu3262Lys, etc.) with neurodevelopmental phenotypes. Patients with these variants have intellectual disability (mild to severe), aggressive tendencies, along with variable features like craniofacial and physical dysmorphisms, autistic behavior, and gastroesophageal reflux [1]. In addition, rare SPTBN5 variants were identified in a patient with ROHHADNET syndrome, though the link requires further investigation [3]. Also, rare missense variants in SPTBN5 were detected in infants with sacral agenesis, suggesting a possible association with this condition [4].

In conclusion, SPTBN5 plays a crucial role in neurodevelopment as indicated by the phenotypes associated with its gene variants. The identification of SPTBN5 variants in patients with various disorders like intellectual disability-related syndromes, ROHHADNET syndrome, and sacral agenesis, contributes to understanding the gene's role in these disease conditions, potentially paving the way for further research into underlying mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.