Nup58, a nucleoporin, is a component of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. NPCs act as gateways between the cytoplasm and nucleus in mammalian cells, facilitating the trafficking of proteins and RNA. Nup58 is part of the Nup62 subcomplex and is involved in multiple biological processes such as mitosis, stress response, and transposon silencing [1,4,8].

During mitosis, Nup58 localizes to the nuclear rim in interphase, and to mitotic spindles, centrosomes, and mid-bodies during mitosis. Depletion of Nup58 leads to centrosomal abnormalities and delayed abscission [1]. In lung adenocarcinoma, NUP58 is highly expressed in primary and metastatic foci. Knockdown of NUP58 inhibits metastasis and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cell lines, and it is associated with the GSK-3β/Snail signaling pathway [2]. In maize, overexpression of ZmNUP58 promotes chlorophyll content and antioxidant enzyme activities under drought and salt stress, regulating genes related to phytohormone synthesis, osmotic adjustment, and more [4]. In Drosophila, loss of Nup54 and Nup58 in ovarian follicle cells compromises piRNA biogenesis from the flamenco locus, re-activating transposons [8].

In conclusion, Nup58 is crucial for normal cell division, stress response in plants, and transposon silencing in Drosophila. In cancer, it plays a role in promoting metastasis. These findings from different model-based research, including gene knockdown in cell lines and functional studies in plants and Drosophila, provide insights into its essential biological functions and its potential as a target in disease treatment, especially in lung adenocarcinoma [1,2,4,8].