Napg, encoding gamma-SNAP (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion (NSF)-attachment protein gamma), is located on chromosome 18p11. It is thought to play a role in cellular processes required for neurotransmission in the central nervous system [5].

A study on a large Chinese pedigree with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) identified a mutation (c.784A > G) in Napg that co-segregated with the disease. Functional prediction showed this mutation was deleterious and might change the conformational stability of the Napg protein, potentially leading to HHT [1]. Association studies in the Chinese Han population found that certain SNPs in Napg were associated with bipolar disorder, with haplotypes also showing associations, supporting Napg as a candidate for susceptibility to bipolar disorder [2]. In fetal growth restriction (FGR), the expression of Napg was up-regulated in newborn umbilical cord blood, maternal serum, and placental tissue, and Spearman correlation analysis indicated its potential role as a mediator in the communication between the gut and circulatory system in FGR [3]. Mendelian randomization analysis suggested that Napg in prostate tissue could be a potential drug target for prostate cancer, while a phenome-wide association study showed possible side effects if used as a drug target [4].

In summary, Napg appears to be involved in multiple biological processes and disease conditions. Its role in neurotransmission-related processes, as well as its associations with HHT, bipolar disorder, FGR, and prostate cancer, highlight its importance in understanding these biological functions and disease mechanisms. The genetic studies on Napg contribute to a better understanding of the molecular etiology of these diseases, potentially providing new directions for disease prevention and treatment.