LAMA1, also known as laminin subunit α1, is a member of the laminin family and a key basement membrane molecule [5]. Laminins are crucial for various biological activities, including cell adhesion, migration, and differentiation, and are involved in many biological processes and disease-related pathways [5]. Genetic models, such as mouse models, are valuable for studying LAMA1.

In Lama2-related congenital muscular dystrophy (LAMA2-CMD), Lama1 upregulation has shown therapeutic potential. In the dyH/dyH mouse model (a Lama2 exon-3-deletion mouse model), CRISPRa-mediated Lama1 upregulation nearly doubled the median survival, improved weight and grip, and had positive effects on MRI, serum biochemical indices, and muscle pathology [2]. In Merosin-deficient congenital muscular dystrophy (MDC1A) fibroblasts with LAMA2 mutations, CRISPRa-mediated LAMA1 upregulation compensated for LAMA2 deficiency, rescued cellular abnormalities, and decreased the expression of genes involved in the wound-healing mechanism [1].

In Lama1nmf223 mutant mice, abnormal axonal transport and optic nerve structure were observed in response to experimental glaucoma, suggesting a role of LAMA1 in the eye [3]. Also, Lama1 mutations in mice led to abnormal retinal vascular development, persistence of fetal vasculature, and epiretinal membrane formation, indicating its importance in retinal development [6,8]. In humans, biallelic mutations in LAMA1 cause Poretti-Boltshauser Syndrome (PTBHS), a non-progressive cerebellar dysplasia disorder with ophthalmic manifestations [4,7].

In conclusion, LAMA1 is essential for normal development, especially in muscle and eye tissues. Mouse models, including gene-modified ones, have revealed its role in diseases like LAMA2-CMD, MDC1A, and certain eye disorders. Understanding LAMA1 through these models provides insights into the underlying mechanisms of these diseases and potential therapeutic strategies.