Ccdc28a, a member of the CCDC family proteins, is highly expressed in testes. It is essential for male reproduction as it plays a crucial role in regulating sperm morphology and motility. The gene may also be involved in other biological processes, as indicated by its potential role in hematopoiesis and immune-related mechanisms, though these are less well-characterized [1,4,5]. Gene knockout mouse models have been instrumental in understanding its function [1,2].

In mice, Ccdc28a deficiency leads to male infertility. Sperm from Ccdc28a-/-mice show bent sperm heads, acrosomal defects, reduced motility, and decreased in-vitro fertilization competence, despite normal axoneme, outer dense fibers, and fibrous sheath [1]. Another study found that Ccdc28a deficiency results in diminished sperm motility and structural aberrations in sperm tails, specifically affecting the head-tail coupling apparatus (HTCA), leading to male infertility [2]. In addition, fusion proteins involving Ccdc28a, such as NPM1::CCDC28A and NUP98-CCDC28A, have been associated with myeloid leukemogenesis and the development of a myeloproliferative neoplasm-like myeloid leukemia respectively, indicating its potential role in cancer-related processes [3,4].

In conclusion, Ccdc28a is essential for male fertility through its role in sperm development and function. The use of gene-knockout mouse models has revealed its significance in these processes. Its involvement in fusion proteins also points to a potential role in leukemia development. Understanding Ccdc28a's function provides insights into male infertility and certain hematological malignancies [1,2,3,4].