Acsbg2, a member of the acyl-CoA synthetase bubblegum family, is involved in fatty acid metabolism. It activates fatty acids like oleic acid (C18:1ω9) and linoleic acid (C18:2ω6) to their CoA derivatives, playing a role in lipid-related biological processes [2]. Its expression is mainly confined to the testis and brainstem in humans, mice, and rats [2].

In chickens, miR-125b-5p can directly bind to the 3'UTR of Acsbg2, and overexpression of miR-125b-5p significantly represses the mRNA and protein expression of Acsbg2. This down-regulation of Acsbg2 by miR-125b-5p inhibits preadipocyte proliferation and promotes preadipocyte differentiation, affecting adipogenesis in chicken abdominal adipose tissues [1]. In dairy goats, Acsbg2 is a candidate gene related to milk production traits [3]. In Chinese Holstein population, the variant in Acsbg2 affects fat yield and protein percentage [4]. In chicken, Acsbg2 is identified as a hub gene in modules positively correlated with abdominal fat weight, suggesting its role in lipid metabolism in chicken liver [5].

In conclusion, Acsbg2 is crucial for fatty acid activation and lipid-related processes. Studies in various species, especially in chickens, dairy goats, and cattle, have shown its significance in adipogenesis, milk production, and fat-related traits. These findings contribute to understanding lipid metabolism-associated biological functions and potential applications in livestock breeding and disease-related lipid metabolism research.