Tbc1d22a, encoding a protein with GTPase-activating protein (GAP) activity for Rab family proteins, is involved in cellular signaling pathways related to GTPase-mediated signaling [3,4]. It has been associated with multiple biological and disease-related aspects.

In ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma (OSC), Tbc1d22a expression is elevated, and high expression is related to poor overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and disease-free survival (DFS). It is also positively correlated with M2 macrophage infiltration and the expression of most immune checkpoint genes, and increases the IC50 for cisplatin and paclitaxel in patients [1]. In cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer, Tbc1d22a was identified as a poor prognostic gene [2].

In a Tunisian consanguineous family with recessive genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+), the Tbc1d22A gene was suggested as a new locus for the syndrome, as a microsatellite marker in its intronic region showed specific inheritance patterns [4]. In individuals with Phelan-McDermid syndrome presenting with seizures, a 3 Mb genomic region on 22q13.31 containing Tbc1d22a was significantly associated with seizure prevalence [5].

In conclusion, Tbc1d22a plays important roles in various disease conditions, especially in ovarian cancer prognosis and drug resistance, as well as in epilepsy-related syndromes and seizure prevalence in Phelan-McDermid syndrome. Studies on Tbc1d22a contribute to understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying these diseases, potentially providing new insights for disease diagnosis, prognosis prediction, and treatment strategies.