Hsd17b11, type 11 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, catalyzes the conversion of 5α-androstan-3α,17β-diol into androsterone, suggesting its role in androgen metabolism [5]. It may also be involved in lipid metabolism-related pathways as it has been associated with lipid droplets [3]. Additionally, its expression can be regulated by factors like Sp1 and C/EBPα in prostate cancer cells [5].

In various cancers, Hsd17b11 shows different associations. In colorectal cancer, the lnc-HSD17B11-1:1 acts as a ceRNA, sponging miR-338-3p to upregulate MACC1 and promote cancer progression [1]. In lung adenocarcinoma, low expression of Hsd17b11 is related to an increased recurrence rate and affects patient quality of life, and it may be valuable in diagnosis [2]. In pancreatic cancer, Hsd17b11 is among the lipid droplet-associated genes significantly associated with overall survival [3]. In esophageal cancer, m6A demethylase FTO may promote lipid droplet formation by enhancing Hsd17b11 expression, thus promoting cancer development [6]. In breast cancer, high expression of Hsd17b11 is associated with improved relapse-free survival [8]. Also, Hsd17b11 can bio-oxidize certain synthetic antitumor acetylenic lipids, leading to endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis [4,7].

In conclusion, Hsd17b11 is involved in androgen metabolism and lipid-related processes. Its dysregulation is associated with multiple cancers, including colorectal, lung, pancreatic, esophageal, and breast cancers. Understanding Hsd17b11's functions through various research models helps in uncovering the mechanisms of cancer development, potentially providing new targets for cancer diagnosis and treatment.