Sgpp1, or sphingosine-1-phosphate phosphatase 1, is an enzyme that dephosphorylates sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) into sphingosine, thus regulating the balance of sphingosine-S1P. It is involved in the sphingolipid metabolism pathway, which is crucial for many cellular functions such as cell survival, proliferation, and apoptosis [5].

In multiple myeloma, GFI1-dependent repression of SGPP1 increases S1P levels, protecting c-Myc protein stability and enhancing cell survival, regardless of p53 status [1]. In colorectal cancer, sevoflurane inhibits cell progression through the circ_0000423/miR-525-5p/SGPP1 axis, and miR-656-3p inhibits cell migration, invasion, and chemo-resistance by targeting SGPP1 [2,4]. In gastric cancer, knockdown of SGPP1 promotes cell invasion and migration, and its expression is an independent prognostic factor [5]. In pancreatic beta-cells, overexpression of SGPP1 prevents lipotoxicity-mediated caspase-3 activation via enhanced lipid storage and oxidative stress prevention [3].

In conclusion, Sgpp1 plays a vital role in sphingolipid metabolism, influencing various biological processes. Through gene-based research models, its significance in diseases like multiple myeloma, colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, and pancreatic beta-cell lipotoxicity has been revealed. These findings provide insights into potential therapeutic targets related to Sgpp1-mediated pathways in these disease areas.