Cpt1b, short for carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1b, is a key rate-limiting enzyme in fatty acid metabolism [4]. It catalyzes the rate-limiting step of fatty acid oxidation, which is crucial for energy production in many tissues with high energy demands [3,5]. Cpt1b is involved in pathways such as the AMPK/PPARα pathway, which is related to lipid metabolism regulation [1].

In gene knockout studies, inactivation of Cpt1b in cardiomyocytes improves resistance to hypoxia and stimulates cardiomyocyte proliferation, enabling heart regeneration after ischaemia-reperfusion injury [2]. Knocking out entire cpt1b coding sequences in zebrafish leads to impaired cardiomyocyte proliferation [4]. In prostate cancer, silencing of Cpt1B results in downregulated cell proliferation, reduced S-phase distribution, and lower invasive ability [5]. In pancreatic cancer, silencing of Cpt1B suppresses the proliferative ability and metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells and enhances gemcitabine toxicity [6].

In conclusion, Cpt1b plays an essential role in fatty acid metabolism, influencing energy production in cells. Gene knockout models in mice, zebrafish, and cell-based studies have revealed its significance in heart regeneration, cancer cell proliferation, and metastasis. These findings suggest Cpt1b could be a potential therapeutic target for diseases such as heart injury and certain cancers [2,4,5,6].