LIPA, encoding lysosomal acid lipase (LAL), is crucial for the hydrolysis of triglycerides (TGs) and cholesteryl esters (CEs) in the lysosome [3]. This process is integral to lipid metabolism pathways, and the gene's proper function is of great biological importance in maintaining lipid homeostasis. Genetic models, such as gene knockout models, can be valuable in studying LIPA.

Mutations in the LIPA gene lead to LAL deficiency (LAL-D), with severe subtypes like Wolman disease (WD) [3]. In Egyptian patients, a novel missense variant in LIPA was identified, expanding the understanding of WD-related variants [3]. In cholesteryl ester storage disease (CESD) patients with LIPA gene mutations, there are significant impacts on plasma levels and lipid composition of lipoproteins, increasing cardiovascular risk [2]. Exercise can upregulate LIPA expression in a high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) mouse model, suggesting a role for LIPA in lipid droplet metabolism disorder amelioration through the PLIN2-LIPA axis-mediated lipophagy [4]. Also, in Pseudomonas protegens Pf-5, ArgR directly inhibits lipA (a form of LIPA) transcription, revealing a regulatory mechanism [1].

In conclusion, LIPA is essential for lipid metabolism. Model-based research, including gene knockout models, has helped reveal its role in diseases such as WD, CESD, and NAFLD. Understanding LIPA's function provides insights into lipid-related disease mechanisms, potentially guiding the development of targeted therapies.