PAFAH1B1, also known as LIS1, is a gene crucial for neurogenesis [1,3]. It regulates neuronal migration by controlling microtubules and cargo transport via dynein and is involved in the reelin signaling pathway [1]. It's of great significance in brain development and associated with severe neurodevelopmental disorders [1].

In Pafah1b1+/- mice, tangential migration of young GABAergic interneurons into the developing hippocampus is slowed, leading to a decreased density of parvalbumin-and somatostatin-positive interneurons in the dentate gyrus. There are increased excitatory and decreased inhibitory synaptic inputs onto granule cells, resulting in spontaneous electrographic seizures and long-term deficits in contextual memory. These phenotypes may contribute to epilepsy or cognitive impairments associated with lissencephaly [2].

In conclusion, PAFAH1B1 plays an essential role in neuronal migration and the balance of synaptic excitation and inhibition in the brain. The study of Pafah1b1+/- mouse models has revealed its critical role in neurodevelopmental processes and provided insights into lissencephaly-related epilepsy and cognitive deficits.