Srsf4, a member of the serine-/arginine (SR)-rich protein family, is involved in both constitutive and alternative splicing. It contains multiple nuclear localization sequences and is localized in the nucleus with a speckled pattern [2]. Srsf4 is an essential component of spliceosomes, participating in processes like alternative splicing, spliceosome assembly, mRNA export, and nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, which are crucial for maintaining cellular and tissue homeostasis [5].

Srsf4 has been associated with various disease conditions. In glioma, its expression is related to histological grade, IDH1 status, and prognosis. Srsf4 promotes temozolomide resistance by positively regulating MDC1 and accelerating double-strand break repair, and targeting it can improve chemosensitivity [1]. In pulmonary hypertension, Srsf4 upregulates the expression of ca-circFOXP1 by splicing exons 6 and 9 of FOXP1 pre-mRNA, which then regulates hypoxia-induced PASMC proliferation [3]. In patients with a missense variant of the Srsf4 gene, lower Srsf4 protein expression leads to impaired mitochondrial function and marrow failure [4].

In conclusion, Srsf4 plays a vital role in RNA splicing-related processes and is implicated in multiple diseases such as glioma, pulmonary hypertension, and bone marrow failure. Research on Srsf4, including through gene-related models, helps to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms of these diseases, potentially providing new directions for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.