Ptdss2, phosphatidylserine synthase 2, is an enzyme involved in phosphatidylserine (PS) synthesis. PS is an essential anionic phospholipid in cell membranes, and its synthesis by Ptdss2 occurs through base-exchange reactions of pre-existing phospholipids, specifically phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) to PS [4]. This process is crucial for maintaining the structural and functional integrity of cell membranes and is part of the glycerophospholipid metabolic pathway [5].

In cancer research, Ptdss2 has emerged as a significant gene. In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), it is part of a metabolism-related risk score (MRRS) model constructed using 14 metabolism-related genes (MRGs), which can predict patient outcomes accurately [1]. Also, in HCC, a zinc-homeostasis related risk model includes Ptdss2, and patients with higher risk scores (involving Ptdss2) have worse outcomes and are more associated with immune suppression [2]. In breast cancer, high expression of Ptdss2 (negatively regulated by BRCA1) in conjunction with low expression of ATP11B accelerates tumor metastasis, as it leads to increased non-apoptotic phosphatidylserine on the outer leaflet of the cell membrane, creating an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment [3].

In conclusion, Ptdss2 plays a vital role in phosphatidylserine synthesis, contributing to cell membrane integrity. Its involvement in cancer, such as in HCC and breast cancer, as revealed through various research models, indicates its potential as a target for therapeutic intervention in these disease areas.