Plxna2, encoding Plexin A2, is a transmembrane protein belonging to the plexin-A family of semaphorin co-receptors. It functions in regulating neuronal axon guidance, immune response, angiogenesis, and is involved in the semaphorin-mediated signaling pathway [1,2,3,4,5,6]. It plays a crucial role in various biological processes such as brain development, eye vesicle cohesion, and osteoblast differentiation, highlighting its overall biological importance [4,5,7]. Genetic models like mouse models are valuable for studying its functions.

In Plxna2 -/- mice, there are defective associative learning, sociability, and sensorimotor gating, along with a severely malformed dentate granule cell layer, compromised neurogenesis, and aberrant mossy fiber synaptic boutons in CA3, suggesting its role in neuropsychiatric disorders [4]. In zebrafish, knockdown of Plxna2 leads to a loss of eye vesicle integrity, indicating its function in eye development [5]. In rats, knockdown of Plxna2 promotes M2 microglia polarization through the mTOR/STAT3 signaling pathway, improving functional recovery after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury [2].

In conclusion, Plxna2 is essential for multiple biological processes including neural development, eye morphogenesis, and recovery from ischemic injury. Studies using gene-knockout mouse models have revealed its significance in neuropsychiatric disorders and ischemic stroke, providing insights into potential therapeutic strategies for these disease areas.