LIPA, encoding lysosomal acid lipase, is crucial for the hydrolysis of triglycerides and cholesteryl esters in the lysosome [2]. This enzyme is involved in lipid metabolism pathways, and its proper function is essential for maintaining normal lipoprotein composition and cardiovascular health [1]. Gene knockout models could potentially be used to further explore its function.

Mutations in the LIPA gene have significant impacts. In cholesteryl ester storage disease (CESD) patients, LIPA gene mutations lead to abnormal lipoprotein composition, with enrichment in ACAT-derived cholesteryl esters, increasing cardiovascular risk [1]. In Egyptian patients with Wolman disease, a severe subtype of LAL-D caused by LIPA gene deficiency, several disease-causing variants were identified, including a novel one [2]. In a mouse model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, exercise upregulated LIPA expression, and enhancing the PLIN2-LIPA axis-mediated lipophagy may be a key mechanism in exercise-induced alleviation of NAFLD [3].

In conclusion, LIPA is vital for lipid metabolism, and its malfunction due to gene mutations is associated with diseases like CESD and Wolman disease. Research on LIPA, especially through gene knockout models, helps understand its role in lipid-related diseases, providing potential directions for diagnosis, treatment, and genetic counseling.