C57BL/6JCya-Gramd1cem1/Cya
Common Name:
Gramd1c-KO
Product ID:
S-KO-20362
Background:
C57BL/6JCya
Product Type
Age
Genotype
Sex
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Basic Information
Strain Name
Gramd1c-KO
Strain ID
KOCMP-207798-Gramd1c-B6J-VB
Gene Name
Product ID
S-KO-20362
Gene Alias
4921521N14Rik
Background
C57BL/6JCya
NCBI ID
Modification
Conventional knockout
Chromosome
16
Phenotype
Document
Application
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Note: When using this mouse strain in a publication, please cite “C57BL/6JCya-Gramd1cem1/Cya mice (Catalog S-KO-20362) were purchased from Cyagen.”
Strain Description
Ensembl Number
ENSMUST00000036174
NCBI RefSeq
NM_153528
Target Region
Exon 4
Size of Effective Region
~0.7 kb
Detailed Document
Overview of Gene Research
Gramd1c, also known as Aster-C, encodes an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) resident protein involved in non-vesicular cholesterol transport [1,6]. It is crucial for maintaining cellular cholesterol distribution, especially at the ER-Golgi contact sites, by transporting excess cholesterol from the Golgi to the ER [1]. Additionally, GRAMD1C functions as a negative regulator of starvation-induced autophagy and may facilitate cholesterol transfer at ER-mitochondria contact sites [2,3]. It is also associated with pathways like mTOR signaling, RNA degradation, WNT signaling, toll pathway, and AKT pathway in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) [4].
In mice globally lacking Aster-C (Gramd1c -/ -), there were no significant alterations in fecal, liver, or plasma cholesterol under low or high dietary cholesterol conditions. However, under low dietary cholesterol, there were modest changes in select bile acid species and elevated cortisol levels [6]. In PC12 cells, knocking down GRAMD1C expression reduced 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis, suggesting its role in the apoptotic pathway related to Parkinson's disease [5]. In KIRC, reduced GRAMD1C expression correlated with poor prognosis and was significantly associated with tumor-infiltrating immune cells, especially regulatory T cells (Tregs) [4].
In summary, Gramd1c plays important roles in cellular cholesterol distribution, autophagy regulation, and is associated with diseases like Parkinson's disease and KIRC. Gene-knockout mouse models have provided insights into its role in whole-body cholesterol balance and in disease-related cellular processes such as apoptosis and immune infiltration in specific disease contexts [4,5,6].
References:
1. Naito, Tomoki, Yang, Haoning, Koh, Dylan Hong Zheng, Lu, Lei, Saheki, Yasunori. 2023. Regulation of cellular cholesterol distribution via non-vesicular lipid transport at ER-Golgi contact sites. In Nature communications, 14, 5867. doi:10.1038/s41467-023-41213-w. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37735529/
2. Charsou, Chara, Ng, Matthew Yoke Wui, Simonsen, Anne. 2022. Regulation of autophagosome biogenesis and mitochondrial bioenergetics by the cholesterol transport protein GRAMD1C. In Autophagy, 19, 2159-2161. doi:10.1080/15548627.2022.2155020. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36469687/
3. Ng, Matthew Yoke Wui, Charsou, Chara, Lapao, Ana, Munson, Michael J, Simonsen, Anne. 2022. The cholesterol transport protein GRAMD1C regulates autophagy initiation and mitochondrial bioenergetics. In Nature communications, 13, 6283. doi:10.1038/s41467-022-33933-2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36270994/
4. Hao, Haiyan, Wang, Ziheng, Ren, Shiqi, Ge, Wenliang, Wang, Wei. 2019. Reduced GRAMD1C expression correlates to poor prognosis and immune infiltrates in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma. In PeerJ, 7, e8205. doi:10.7717/peerj.8205. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31875150/
5. He, Hui, Zhang, Bo, Wang, Xiang, Chen, Lulu. 2024. Knocking down GRAMD1C expression reduces 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. In Toxicology research, 13, tfae051. doi:10.1093/toxres/tfae051. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38638451/
6. Banerjee, Rakhee, Hohe, Rachel C, Cao, Shijie, Parini, Paolo, Brown, J Mark. 2024. The nonvesicular sterol transporter Aster-C plays a minor role in whole body cholesterol balance. In Frontiers in physiology, 15, 1371096. doi:10.3389/fphys.2024.1371096. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38694206/
Quality Control Standard
Sperm Test
Pre-cryopreservation: Measurement of sperm concentration, determination of sperm viability.
Post-cryopreservation: A vial of cryopreserved sperms is selected for in-vitro fertilization from each batch.
Environmental Standards:SPF
Available Region:Global
Source:Cyagen