Etfbkmt, also known as ETFβ-KMT according to a proposed renaming [7], is likely related to the methylation process of the β-subunit of electron transfer flavoprotein (ETFβ) as METTL20, its associated enzyme, is a mitochondrial, lysine-specific methyltransferase targeting ETFβ [5,6,7]. ETF plays a key role in mediating electron transfer from various dehydrogenases in processes like fatty acid oxidation and one-carbon metabolism, linking them to the membrane-associated ubiquinone pool [6].

In the study of liver fibrosis, transcriptomic analysis of liver-specific MED1 deletion (MED1ΔLiv) mice treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) showed that Etfbkmt was among the oxidoreductase activity-related genes with robust reduction. This reduction of Etfbkmt, along with other genes, was associated with inhibited TGF-β/Smad2/3 signaling pathway and decreased expression of fibrotic markers, suggesting a potential link between Etfbkmt and hepatic fibrogenesis [1].

In cows, Etfbkmt was identified as a candidate gene related to reproductive traits such as Cow conception rate (CCR), Daughter pregnancy rate (DPR), and Heifer conception rate (HCR), and is involved in the "generation of precursor metabolites and energy" process [2].

In a patient with Kallmann syndrome (KS) and intellectual disability (ID) carrying a cryptic microdeletion del(12)(p11.21p11.23), Etfbkmt was identified as a candidate gene for the neurodevelopmental disorder, with high-level expression in relevant human tissues further supporting its candidacy [3,4].

In conclusion, Etfbkmt is involved in multiple biological processes. Model-based research, such as the MED1ΔLiv mouse model in liver fibrosis study, helps reveal its potential role in disease-related processes. Its identification in reproductive traits of cows and as a candidate gene in neurodevelopmental disorders also highlights its importance in different biological contexts, providing insights for further research on related diseases and biological functions.