Magi3, short for membrane associated guanylate kinase, WW and PDZ domain containing 3, is a gene involved in multiple biological regulatory processes. It functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase, playing a role in protein ubiquitination and degradation [1]. It is associated with pathways like Wnt/β -catenin, PI3K/Akt, and is important in regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, and chemosensitivity [1,2,3,4]. Genetic models, such as gene knockout (KO) mouse models, can be valuable for studying its functions.

In colorectal cancer, low levels of Magi3 are related to recurrence and poor prognosis. Magi3 acts as a substrate-binding subunit of SKP1-Cullin E3 ligase to degrade c-Myc, inhibiting cell growth and promoting apoptosis and chemosensitivity [1]. In glioma, Magi3 suppresses cell proliferation by upregulating PTEN expression and negatively regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling [2,4]. In cervical cancer, HPV18E6 reduces Magi3 levels, activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and promoting cancer progression [3]. In renal cell carcinoma, low Magi3 levels are a high-risk factor, and Magi3 enhances sensitivity to sunitinib by suppressing the MAS/ERK axis [5]. In hepatocellular carcinoma, Magi3 is a target of miR-34c-3p, regulating the Warburg effect [6]. In hypertension, miR-20b-5p targets Magi3, contributing to the dysfunction of vascular smooth muscle cells [7].

In conclusion, Magi3 plays essential roles in regulating cell growth, apoptosis, and chemosensitivity in various cancers and in the function of vascular smooth muscle cells in hypertension. The study of Magi3 using KO or conditional knockout (CKO) mouse models has provided valuable insights into its functions in these disease conditions, helping to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms and potentially guiding the development of new therapeutic strategies.