VAMP5, short for Vesicle-associated membrane protein 5, is a member of the SNARE protein family. SNARE proteins generally regulate the docking and fusion of membrane vesicles within cells. VAMP5 is involved in multiple biological processes such as exosome release, phagocytosis, and membrane trafficking in various tissues [1,2,5]. It participates in exosome release from multivesicular bodies (MVBs) to the plasma membrane, and also plays a role in Fcγ receptor-mediated phagosome formation in macrophages [1,2].

VAMP5 knockout (KO) mice showed a low birth rate, low body weight, and often died around birth. Anatomical analysis of these KO mice revealed duplication of the ureter in viable ones and insufficient lung expansion in dead ones, indicating its importance in the development of the urinary and respiratory systems [3].

In conclusion, VAMP5 is crucial for membrane-related biological processes like exosome release and phagosome formation. The VAMP5 KO mouse model has demonstrated its significance in the development of the urinary and respiratory systems. Its potential as a biomarker in diseases like tuberculosis and its association with diseases such as Hirschsprung disease further highlight its importance in disease-related research [3,4,6,7].