Agps, or Arabinogalactan-proteins, are proteoglycans that are major components of the plant cell wall [2,3,4,5,6]. They play crucial roles in plant growth and development, including fruit ripening, reproductive development, and response to fungal infection [2,4,6]. In plants, they may be involved in processes such as cell division, root system development, and cell wall assembly through their unique structural features and interactions with other cell wall components [3].

In the context of prostate cancer, AGPS protein expression is downregulated in cancer tissues compared to normal tissues. Lower expression is associated with poorer overall survival of patients. AGPS can promote ferroptosis by modulating peroxisome function, leading to reduced survival of prostate cancer cells. Additionally, AGPS can be ubiquitinated and degraded by the E3 ligase-MDM2 through the proteasomal pathway, and kinase TrkA can promote this process by phosphorylating AGPS at the Y451 site. The TrkA inhibitor-Larotrectinib can increase the susceptibility of prostate cancer cells to ferroptosis, inhibiting cancer cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo [1].

In summary, Agps are important in plant growth and development. In prostate cancer, the down-regulation of AGPS and its regulation by TrkA and MDM2 play significant roles in cancer progression, suggesting that targeting this pathway could potentially be a new strategy for prostate cancer treatment.