Gp2, or glycoprotein 2, has diverse functions. Initially identified as a major membranous component in pancreatic acinar cells, it also plays a crucial role in mucosal immunology. In the intestine, it serves as an uptake receptor for certain commensal and pathogenic bacteria by interacting with FimH, facilitating mucosal immune responses [3]. It's also associated with regulated exocrine secretion, where it may be involved in membrane sorting, inactivation of zymogen granule membranes, and their trafficking [4].

In the context of human pluripotent stem cell-derived pancreatic progenitors (PPs), GP2 has emerged as a specific cell surface marker. GP2-enriched PPs can give rise to all pancreatic cells in vivo, including functional beta-like cells, and eliminate the risk of teratoma formation, which is significant for type 1 diabetes treatment [1]. Moreover, a novel PP differentiation platform based on increasing Glycoprotein-2 expression was introduced, with GP2-high PPs allowing generation of pancreatic acinar-like organoids, and GP2 expression levels at the PP stage being associated with varying pancreatic lineage potential [2].

In summary, Gp2 has key functions in mucosal immunity and pancreatic cell development. Its role in reducing teratoma risk in pancreatic progenitor-based therapies for type 1 diabetes, and its association with pancreatic lineage potential, underscore its importance in these disease-relevant biological processes.