C57BL/6JCya-Grm1em1flox/Cya
Common Name:
Grm1-flox
Product ID:
S-CKO-02760
Background:
C57BL/6JCya
Product Type
Age
Genotype
Sex
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Basic Information
Strain Name
Grm1-flox
Strain ID
CKOCMP-14816-Grm1-B6J-VA
Gene Name
Product ID
S-CKO-02760
Gene Alias
4930455H15Rik; Gm10828; Gprc1a; mGluR1; nmf373; rcw; wobl
Background
C57BL/6JCya
NCBI ID
Modification
Conditional knockout
Chromosome
10
Phenotype
Document
Application
--
Note: When using this mouse strain in a publication, please cite “C57BL/6JCya-Grm1em1flox/Cya mice (Catalog S-CKO-02760) were purchased from Cyagen.”
Strain Description
Ensembl Number
ENSMUST00000044306
NCBI RefSeq
NM_016976
Target Region
Exon 3
Size of Effective Region
~1.4 kb
Detailed Document
Overview of Gene Research
GRM1, encoding metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGluR1), is crucial in slow excitatory postsynaptic conductance, synapse formation, synaptic plasticity, and motor control [3]. It is mainly expressed in the brain, especially highly in the cerebellum, and is involved in multiple biological processes and disease-related pathways [3]. Genetic models can be valuable in studying its function.
In chondromyxoid fibroma (CMF), GRM1 is characterized by recurrent genetic rearrangements. These place it under the control of a constitutively active promoter, leading to increased gene expression. GRM1 immunohistochemistry can distinguish CMF from its histologic mimics, as it is positive in 97% of CMF specimens but negative in mimics [1,4,5]. In blue nevi and related melanomas, GRM1 gene fusions can be an alternative oncogenic driver, mutually exclusive of classical canonical mutations [2]. Mutations in GRM1 are also associated with congenital cerebellar ataxia, and in schizophrenia, deleterious GRM1 mutations may contribute to diverse psychiatric conditions [3,6].
In conclusion, GRM1 plays a significant role in neural-related functions such as synaptic plasticity and motor control. Its abnormal genetic alterations are associated with various diseases, including bone tumors, melanocytic neoplasms, cerebellar ataxia, and psychiatric disorders. The study of GRM1 using genetic models helps in understanding the underlying mechanisms of these diseases and may potentially lead to new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
References:
1. Toland, Angus M S, Lam, Suk Wai, Varma, Sushama, Bovée, Judith V M G, Charville, Gregory W. 2022. GRM1 Immunohistochemistry Distinguishes Chondromyxoid Fibroma From its Histologic Mimics. In The American journal of surgical pathology, 46, 1407-1414. doi:10.1097/PAS.0000000000001921. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35650682/
2. Kervarrec, Thibault, Lo Bello, Giuseppe, Pissaloux, Daniel, Houlier, Aurélie, de la Fouchardière, Arnaud. 2023. GRM1 Gene Fusions as an Alternative Molecular Driver in Blue Nevi and Related Melanomas. In Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc, 36, 100264. doi:10.1016/j.modpat.2023.100264. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37391170/
3. Protasova, Maria S, Andreeva, Tatiana V, Klyushnikov, Sergey A, Illarioshkin, Sergey N, Rogaev, Evgeny I. 2023. Genetic Variant in GRM1 Underlies Congenital Cerebellar Ataxia with No Obvious Intellectual Disability. In International journal of molecular sciences, 24, . doi:10.3390/ijms24021551. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36675067/
4. Machado, Isidro, Zhang, Yanming, Hameed, Meera, Bilsky, Mark H, Linos, Konstantinos. 2024. GRM1-Rearranged Chondromyxoid Fibroma With FGF23 Expression: A Potential Pitfall in Small Biopsies. In International journal of surgical pathology, 32, 1500-1507. doi:10.1177/10668969241229345. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38303543/
5. Nord, Karolin H, Lilljebjörn, Henrik, Vezzi, Francesco, Hogendoorn, Pancras C W, Szuhai, Karoly. 2014. GRM1 is upregulated through gene fusion and promoter swapping in chondromyxoid fibroma. In Nature genetics, 46, 474-7. doi:10.1038/ng.2927. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24658000/
6. Ayoub, Mohammed Akli, Angelicheva, Dora, Vile, David, Pfleger, Kevin D G, Kalaydjieva, Luba. 2012. Deleterious GRM1 mutations in schizophrenia. In PloS one, 7, e32849. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0032849. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22448230/
Quality Control Standard
Sperm Test
Pre-cryopreservation: Measurement of sperm concentration, determination of sperm viability.
Post-cryopreservation: A vial of cryopreserved sperms is selected for in-vitro fertilization from each batch.
Environmental Standards:SPF
Available Region:Global
Source:Cyagen