The TNFR2 gene, officially known as TNFRSF1B (Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 1B), encodes the Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 2 protein (also called p75 or CD120b), a member of the TNF-receptor superfamily. Unlike its counterpart TNFR1 (which is widely expressed), TNFR2 exhibits more restricted expression, primarily on specific immune cells like regulatory T cells (Tregs), endothelial cells, and certain neuronal cells and microglia in the central nervous system (CNS), as well as on various cancer cells and mesenchymal stem cells ^[1]. The TNFR2 protein functions as a receptor for the cytokine TNF-α and generally signals for cell survival, proliferation, and anti-apoptosis by recruiting anti-apoptotic proteins and activating the NF-κB pathway (lacking the death domain found in TNFR1, which typically signals apoptosis) ^[2]. A soluble form of the receptor, sTNFR2, is also produced via proteolytic processing and can act as a TNF-α binding protein ^[3]. Dysregulation or polymorphisms of the TNFRSF1B gene and its encoded protein are associated with various diseases, including autoimmune disorders (such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and inflammatory bowel disease), several cancers (including breast, cervical, and colon cancer, where it promotes tumor growth and immune escape), and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and schizophrenia.

The B6-huTNFR2 (huTNFRSF1B) mouse is a humanized model constructed through gene-editing technology, in which the upstream of exon 2 to p.G258 of the mouse Tnfrsf1b gene was replaced with the upstream of exon 2 to p.D257 of the human TNFRSF1B gene. This model can be used for research on diseases such as autoimmune disorders, several cancers, neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and schizophrenia, as well as for screening, development, and preclinical evaluation of TNFRSF1B-targeted therapeutics.