Cfap157 is a gene that functions as a downstream effector of FOXJ1. It is specifically required for flagellum morphogenesis and sperm motility. Its expression is restricted to motile ciliated tissues in mouse and Xenopus in a FOXJ1-dependent manner. The protein localizes to basal bodies and interacts with tubulin and CEP350. Studies on Cfap157 in model organisms can help understand its in-vivo functions [1].

In Cfap157 knockout mice, although the overall appearance is normal, homozygous males are infertile. Spermatozoa from these mice show impaired motility, along with abnormal phenotypes such as axonemal loops, supernumerary axonemal profiles with ectopic accessory structures, excess cytoplasm, and clustered mitochondria in the mid-piece regions, and defective axonemes along the flagella. This indicates that Cfap157 is essential for spermiogenesis, suppressing the formation of supernumerary axonemes and ensuring correct sperm ultrastructure [1].

In conclusion, Cfap157 is crucial for flagellum morphogenesis and sperm motility. The Cfap157 knockout mouse model has revealed its significance in male infertility, highlighting its essential role in maintaining proper sperm structure and function during spermiogenesis [1].

References:

1. Weidemann, Marina, Schuster-Gossler, Karin, Stauber, Michael, Ueffing, Marius, Gossler, Achim. . CFAP157 is a murine downstream effector of FOXJ1 that is specifically required for flagellum morphogenesis and sperm motility. In Development (Cambridge, England), 143, 4736-4748. doi:. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27965440/