RBMS1, the RNA-binding motif single-strand interacting protein 1, is an important RNA-binding protein. It participates in regulating various biological processes through post-transcriptional regulation, such as influencing mRNA stability and translation [7,8]. It is associated with multiple pathways and is of great biological significance in processes like cell proliferation, apoptosis, and ferroptosis. Genetic models, including gene knockout (KO) or conditional knockout (CKO) mouse models, are valuable tools to study its functions.

In cancer research, RBMS1 shows diverse roles. In lung cancer, RBMS1 depletion inhibits tumor progression both in vivo and in vitro by promoting ferroptosis through inhibiting SLC7A11 translation [1]. In gastric cancer, its overexpression promotes metastasis via the autocrine IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway [2]. In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), RBMS1 interacts with YTHDF1 to promote S100P translation and accelerate metastasis, and its ablation suppresses metastasis [3]. In triple-negative breast cancer, RBMS1 ablation promotes anti-tumor immunity by down-regulating PD-L1 [4]. In ocular melanoma, silencing RBMS1 inhibits cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis [5]. In glioblastoma, interfering with RBMS1 inhibits malignant progression and promotes ferroptosis [6]. In colorectal cancer, inhibiting RBMS1 restores oxaliplatin sensitivity by causing ferroptosis [9]. However, in colon cancer, RBMS1 functions as a suppressor of metastasis through targeted stabilization of its mRNA regulon, and its silencing increases metastatic capacity in xenograft mouse models [8].

In conclusion, RBMS1 is a crucial post-transcriptional regulator involved in multiple biological processes. Studies using KO or CKO mouse models have revealed its significant roles in various cancer-related processes, such as tumor progression, metastasis, ferroptosis, and anti-tumor immunity. Understanding RBMS1's functions provides potential therapeutic targets for treating cancers.

References:

1. Zhang, Wenjing, Sun, Yu, Bai, Lu, Liu, Han, Wang, Yang. . RBMS1 regulates lung cancer ferroptosis through translational control of SLC7A11. In The Journal of clinical investigation, 131, . doi:10.1172/JCI152067. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34609966/

2. Liu, Mengyuan, Li, Heming, Zhang, Huijing, Xue, Lei, Xu, Lu. 2022. RBMS1 promotes gastric cancer metastasis through autocrine IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling. In Cell death & disease, 13, 287. doi:10.1038/s41419-022-04747-3. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35361764/

3. Sun, Yu, Chen, Dan, Sun, Siwen, Wang, Yang, Zhang, Wenjing. 2024. RBMS1 Coordinates with the m6A Reader YTHDF1 to Promote NSCLC Metastasis through Stimulating S100P Translation. In Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 11, e2307122. doi:10.1002/advs.202307122. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38342601/

4. Zhang, Jinrui, Zhang, Ge, Zhang, Wenjing, Liu, Han, Wang, Yang. 2022. Loss of RBMS1 promotes anti-tumor immunity through enabling PD-L1 checkpoint blockade in triple-negative breast cancer. In Cell death and differentiation, 29, 2247-2261. doi:10.1038/s41418-022-01012-0. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35538152/

5. Yang, Ludi, Wang, Gaoming, Tian, Hao, Cui, Ran, Zhuang, Ai. 2024. RBMS1 reflects a distinct microenvironment and promotes tumor progression in ocular melanoma. In Experimental eye research, 246, 109990. doi:10.1016/j.exer.2024.109990. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38969283/

6. Liang, Xiaosong, Wang, Gang, Xue, Chunxiao, Zhou, Yifu. 2024. RBMS1 interference inhibits malignant progression of glioblastoma cells and promotes ferroptosis. In Discover oncology, 15, 548. doi:10.1007/s12672-024-01430-1. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39392522/

7. Shin, Chang Hoon, Rossi, Martina, Anerillas, Carlos, Abdelmohsen, Kotb, Gorospe, Myriam. 2024. Increased ANKRD1 Levels in Early Senescence Mediated by RBMS1-Elicited ANKRD1 mRNA Stabilization. In Molecular and cellular biology, 44, 194-208. doi:10.1080/10985549.2024.2350540. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38769646/

8. Yu, Johnny, Navickas, Albertas, Asgharian, Hosseinali, Mardakheh, Faraz K, Goodarzi, Hani. 2020. RBMS1 Suppresses Colon Cancer Metastasis through Targeted Stabilization of Its mRNA Regulon. In Cancer discovery, 10, 1410-1423. doi:10.1158/2159-8290.CD-19-1375. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32513775/

9. Xu, Yini, Hao, Jingpeng, Chen, Qiang, Zhang, Jingyi, Wang, Hao. 2023. Inhibition of the RBMS1/PRNP axis improves ferroptosis resistance-mediated oxaliplatin chemoresistance in colorectal cancer. In Molecular carcinogenesis, 63, 224-237. doi:10.1002/mc.23647. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37861356/