Edrf1, also known as erythroid differentiation regulatory factor 1, is a gene with diverse functions. It is involved in erythroid differentiation, regulating the expression of globin genes such as alpha-and gamma-globin through modulating the DNA-binding activity of the GATA-1 transcription factor [4,5,6]. It may also play a role in platelet formation as it regulates the expression and activity of GATA1, which controls spectrin synthesis, a requirement for platelet formation [2]. In zebrafish, Edrf1 is identified as a spermatid-specific novel marker gene, indicating its potential involvement in spermatogenesis [7].

In the context of disease, Edrf1 has been associated with intellectual disability. Pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in Edrf1 were detected in some Middle Eastern families with intellectual disability patients, suggesting it as a candidate gene for this disorder [1]. In dengue virus-infected individuals, the dengue virus protease NS3 can cleave Edrf1, which may contribute to the development of thrombocytopenia, one of the symptoms of dengue virus infection [2,3].

In conclusion, Edrf1 is crucial in erythroid differentiation, platelet formation, spermatogenesis, and has implications in intellectual disability and dengue-associated thrombocytopenia. Studies on Edrf1 enhance our understanding of these biological processes and disease mechanisms, potentially providing new directions for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention in relevant disease areas.