Mrps10, a mitochondrial ribosomal protein gene, is an essential component for the structural and functional integrity of the mitoribosome complex. Mitoribosomes play a crucial role in mitochondrial translation, which is vital for the production of proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation and energy metabolism. The gene is expressed throughout early embryogenesis with little stage or tissue specificity [1].

In a study on pigs, Mrps10 was identified as a hub gene in a protein-protein interaction network related to abdominal subcutaneous fat deposition. It was also recognized as a potential obese-specific biomarker, suggesting its role in fat metabolism-related biological processes [2]. In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, a 5-gene signature including Mrps10 was associated with poor survival, potentially playing a role in immunosuppression [3]. In intervertebral disc degeneration, Mrps10 was identified as a target of hsa-miR-508-5p, with its up-regulation in the IDD group [4]. In intensive care unit-acquired weakness, miR-542-3p suppressed the expression of Mrps10, suggesting mitochondrial ribosomal stress [5]. In breast cancer cell line screening, overexpression of Mrps10 was observed, and its protein-protein interactions indicated a putative role in fatty acid oxidation regulated by the brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling pathway [6]. In a study on rheumatoid arthritis, Mrps10 was identified as one of the key biomarkers related to energy and ROS metabolism, and its regulatory network and potential drug targets were explored [7].

In conclusion, Mrps10 is crucial for the mitoribosome complex's function. Studies in various disease models such as obesity, pancreatic cancer, intervertebral disc degeneration, intensive care unit-acquired weakness, breast cancer, and rheumatoid arthritis have revealed its diverse roles in different biological processes and disease conditions, highlighting its potential as a biomarker and a target for further research in these disease areas.