Col6a1, encoding the alpha 1 chain of collagen VI, is crucial for maintaining the structural integrity and function of various tissues. Collagen VI has multiple functions, such as mechanical support, cytoprotection by inhibiting apoptosis and oxidative damage, and regulation of cell differentiation and autophagic mechanisms [2]. Mutations in Col6a1 are responsible for a spectrum of congenital muscular disorders, including Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy, Bethlem myopathy, and myosclerosis myopathy [2].

In osteosarcoma, upregulation of Col6a1 activated by H3K27 acetylation promotes cell migration and invasion by suppressing the STAT1 pathway. Exosomal Col6a1 from osteosarcoma cells can also activate cancer-associated fibroblasts, which in turn promote osteosarcoma metastasis [1]. In bladder cancer, Col6a1 is downregulated and inhibits the malignant development of the cancer by regulating FBN1 [3]. In pancreatic cancer, Col6a1 promotes metastasis and predicts poor prognosis [5]. In glioblastoma, Col6a1 is upregulated, and tumor electric field therapy may exert antitumor effects by downregulating Col6a1 and inhibiting the focal adhesion pathway [4]. In osteoarthritis, Col6a1 promotes osteoclast differentiation and subchondral bone remodeling through the EPAC/RAP1 axis [6].

In conclusion, Col6a1 plays essential roles in maintaining tissue integrity and is involved in multiple biological processes and disease conditions. Studies on Col6a1-related functions in diseases like osteosarcoma, bladder cancer, pancreatic cancer, glioblastoma, and osteoarthritis have enhanced our understanding of its significance, providing potential targets for therapeutic interventions.