Pth2r, also known as the parathyroid hormone 2 receptor, is a class B1 G protein-coupled receptor. It is involved in multiple biological processes such as the regulation of calcium transport, nociception mediation, and wound healing. The endogenous ligand for Pth2r is tuberoinfundibular peptide 39 (TIP39), and this receptor-ligand system has been implicated in various physiological and behavioral functions, including the control of nociception, fear, anxiety, and thermoregulation [3,5,7].

In ovarian cancer, Pth2r was found to be highly expressed. Knocking down its expression inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration of tumor cells, suggesting it could be a new molecular marker for ovarian cancer [1]. In the context of asbestos-induced lung cancer, the SNP rs13383928 was shown to regulate Pth2r expression in lung tissue [2]. In the skin, Pth2r and its ligand TIP39 were detected, and TIP39 could influence keratinocyte differentiation by regulating intracellular calcium [4]. Additionally, in the lumbar spine of elderly women, variation in the Pth2r gene (rs897083) was associated with age-related degenerative changes [6].

In conclusion, Pth2r plays crucial roles in multiple biological processes and disease conditions. Studies, especially those on its knockdown or gene variation, have revealed its significance in cancer development, lung cancer-related gene regulation, skin cell function, and spinal degenerative changes. These findings contribute to our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of these diseases and potentially offer new directions for diagnosis and treatment.