Vim, short for ventralis intermedius, is a nucleus of the thalamus. It serves as a crucial surgical target for tremor treatment [1,2]. The Vim neurons respond to passive joint movements and are synchronous with peripheral tremor, and there is a well-defined limit between the motor and sensory thalamus where Vim is located [1,2].

The location of the Vim nucleus is difficult to identify with conventional imaging methods. Surgical procedures often rely on indirect calculations correlated with clinical and intraoperative neurophysiological findings. Stereotactic coordinates for the Vim nucleus are typically based on references to the mid-commissural line and third ventricle, but these vary between patients [1,2]. New techniques like tractography for direct location are being explored, though it has limitations and requires standardization to precisely locate the Vim nucleus for tremor treatment [1,2]. The Vim line technique, created using a mathematical model, can also be used to identify the Vim location, and its effectiveness was demonstrated by decreased Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) scores in patients after Vim thalamotomy [3,4].

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the Vim is an effective treatment for essential tremor, and studies on Vim-DBS programming sessions show its continuous efficacy in tremor suppression over time [5]. Also, Vim-PSA double-target DBS surgery has specific technical issues related to target location, burr hole drilling, pneumocephalus reduction, and intraoperative electrophysiological verification [6].

In conclusion, Vim is of great significance in tremor treatment. Research on its location-determination methods and treatment-related techniques, such as those involving DBS, helps in better understanding the role of Vim in tremor-related biological processes. These studies provide a basis for more effective surgical treatments for tremor patients.