Cd274, also known as Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), is an essential immune checkpoint protein. It binds to programmed death 1 (PD-1) on T-lymphocytes. The binding inhibits T cell proliferation and activity, leading to tumor immunosuppression, allowing cancer cells to escape immune surveillance [3].

A large meta-analysis of 250 eligible studies including 57322 patients showed that CD274 (PD-L1) overexpression was associated with worse overall survival in non-small cell lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and colorectal cancer, suggesting it could be a potential biomarker for multiple types of cancers [1]. In colorectal cancer, CD274 on immune cells was associated with good prognosis, while its expression on tumour cells had heterogenous outcomes and didn't meet the requirements of a prognostic marker [2].

Baicalein, a monomer of traditional Chinese medicine, can target CD274 and induce its autophagic-lysosomal degradation, which inhibits tumor development by boosting T-cell-mediated antitumor immunity [4].

In conclusion, Cd274 plays a crucial role in cancer immune evasion through its interaction with PD-1 on T-lymphocytes. Studies on Cd274 have implications for understanding cancer prognosis and developing immunotherapies. The identification of substances like baicalein that can degrade CD274 provides potential new strategies for cancer treatment.