Npdc1, short for neural proliferation differentiation and control 1, is a gene with significant functions in neural cell proliferation and differentiation [4]. It is involved in various biological processes and has potential implications in multiple diseases. Its expression pattern and functions suggest it may play a role in the development of certain secretion glands as well [4].

In colon cancer, Npdc1 expression is significantly correlated with patient prognosis and perineural invasion (PNI) status. High Npdc1 expression may promote tumorigenesis, progression, and chemoresistance, indicating its potential as a predictive marker for PNI status, disease-free survival, and overall survival in colon cancer patients [1].

In the context of retinal progenitor cells (RPCs), miR-762 regulates RPC proliferation and differentiation by targeting Npdc1. Inhibition of Npdc1 by miR-762 positively regulates RPC proliferation and suppresses neuronal differentiation [2]. Arhgef2 deficiency impairs neural differentiation in the cerebral cortex by reducing m6A methylation of Npdc1 mRNA, which in turn inhibits its translation, highlighting the role of Npdc1 in neural differentiation [3].

In summary, Npdc1 plays crucial roles in neural-related biological processes such as neural cell proliferation, differentiation, and axon regeneration [2,3,5]. Its abnormal regulation is associated with diseases like colon cancer, potentially influencing tumor development and patient prognosis [1]. The study of Npdc1 using various genetic models has provided valuable insights into its functions and its implications in disease, which may contribute to the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.