Tpgs1, also known as Tubulin polyglutamylase complex1, is involved in microtubule polymerization. It plays a crucial role in processes such as glucose transport, cellular movement, organization of intracellular structure, and intracellular transport [2]. It may be associated with pathways related to immune synapse formation, TCR signaling, and is potentially involved in inflammation and inflammatory response [1].

In the study of narcolepsy type I, Tpgs1 was identified as one of the NT1-specific differentially expressed genes in CD4 T-cell subsets, which are involved in tubulin arrangement and play a role in immune synapse formation and TCR signaling [1]. In L6 skeletal muscle cells, Tpgs1 might be helping in glucose transport under different glucose conditions and vitamin D supplementation [2]. A 4-gene signature (RISK4LEP) including Tpgs1 was found to predict leprosy years before clinical onset [3]. DNAm at a CpG site annotated to Tpgs1 was associated with body-mass-index percentile at birth-to-3 years [4]. In a case of polymicrogyria, a rare pathological/deleterious variant of Tpgs1 was found, with genes involved in the regulation of Wnt signaling potentially highlighting its role in this condition [5].

In conclusion, Tpgs1 has diverse functions in processes like microtubule-related activities, glucose transport, and potentially in immune-related and developmental pathways. Its study in various disease models, such as narcolepsy, leprosy, and polymicrogyria, provides insights into disease mechanisms. Understanding Tpgs1 can offer new perspectives on these disease conditions and potentially lead to novel therapeutic strategies.