Retn, encoding the adipocytokine resistin, is involved in regulating body metabolism. Resistin, secreted by visceral fat, is associated with insulin resistance and may participate in multiple biological processes related to metabolism [2]. Genetic polymorphisms of Retn can provide insights into its function through genetic models.

Studies on Retn genetic polymorphisms have found diverse associations. In alcohol-dependent male adults, the A allele of Retn rs1477341 was associated with susceptibility to depression symptoms during acute alcohol withdrawal [1]. Regarding type-two diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the +299(G>A) SNP of Retn was associated with T2DM, and the CA haplotype of -420 and +299 SNPs was related to T2DM risk [2]. In alcohol-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head, certain Retn SNPs were associated with increased or reduced disease risk, and rs3745368 was related to the clinical stage [3]. In breast cancer, the AG genotype and A allele of rs3219175 in Retn were linked to a higher risk of developing breast cancer [4]. Meta-analysis of the -420C/G polymorphism of Retn showed no significant association with T2DM susceptibility overall, but age might be a factor [5]. Additionally, Retn rs3745368 was related to an increased risk of hand osteoarthritis, and RETN -420G allele increased the risk of acne vulgaris in the Chinese population [6,7].

In conclusion, Retn is significantly associated with multiple diseases including depression, T2DM, alcohol-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head, breast cancer, hand osteoarthritis, and acne vulgaris. Research on Retn genetic polymorphisms contributes to understanding its role in these disease conditions, providing potential insights for disease prevention and treatment related to metabolism-associated disorders [1-7].

References:

1. Xu, Xiaoyan, Xu, Zeping, Zhou, Fan, Wang, Fan, Yang, Fan. 2023. RETN gene polymorphisms interact with alcohol dependence in association with depression. In Journal of clinical laboratory analysis, 37, e24933. doi:10.1002/jcla.24933. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37387262/

2. Altawallbeh, Ghaith, Khabour, Omar F, Alfaqih, Mahmoud A, Gharibeh, Mohammad, Mohammed, Najeeb A. . Association of RETN +299(G>A) polymorphism with type two diabetes mellitus. In Acta biochimica Polonica, 68, 77-81. doi:10.18388/abp.2020_5409. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33676378/

3. Liu, Chang, An, Feimeng, Cao, Yuju, Wu, Huiqiang, Wang, Jianzhong. 2019. Significant association between RETN genetic polymorphisms and alcohol-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head. In Molecular genetics & genomic medicine, 7, e822. doi:10.1002/mgg3.822. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31207150/

4. Wang, Chao-Qun, Tang, Chih-Hsin, Tzeng, Huey-En, Su, Chen-Ming, Jin, Hong-Chuan. 2020. Impacts of RETN genetic polymorphism on breast cancer development. In Journal of Cancer, 11, 2769-2777. doi:10.7150/jca.38088. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32226495/

5. Luo, Fei, Shi, Mingjie, Guo, Junhao, Chen, Riling, Ma, Guoda. 2022. Association between the RETN -420C/G polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus susceptibility: A meta-analysis of 23 studies. In Frontiers in endocrinology, 13, 1039919. doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.1039919. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36619567/

6. Yan, Shaoyao, Liu, Hongliang, Nie, Huiyong, Yuan, Weili, Wang, Suoliang. 2022. Common variants of RARRES2 and RETN contribute to susceptibility to hand osteoarthritis and related pain. In Biomarkers in medicine, 16, 731-738. doi:10.2217/bmm-2022-0103. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35531645/

7. Chen, Xi, Min, Shuhui, Chen, Can, Wang, Danfeng, Jiang, Guan. 2022. Influence of RETN, IL-1, and IL-6 gene polymorphisms on the risk of acne vulgaris in the Chinese population. In Journal of cosmetic dermatology, 21, 4965-4973. doi:10.1111/jocd.14911. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35279931/