Dusp10, also known as MAP kinase phosphatase 5 (MKP5), is a member of the dual-specificity phosphatase family. It negatively regulates the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), such as p38 MAPK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and in some cases, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). MAPKs are involved in multiple cellular processes including cytokine secretion, proliferation, survival, and apoptosis, making Dusp10 crucial in various physiological and pathological conditions [2].

In ischemic stroke, Dusp10 overexpression improved neuronal survival and reduced apoptosis by inhibiting the p38/JNK signaling pathway, while knockdown exacerbated infarct volume and neuronal damage [1]. In colorectal cancer (CRC), Dusp10 knockout (KO) mice had increased intestinal epithelial cell proliferation and migration, and developed more severe colon tumours, indicating Dusp10 acts as a suppressor for CRC [3]. In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), overexpression of Dusp10 promoted cellular growth and migration, associated with increased expression of tumor-promoting cytokines [4].

In conclusion, Dusp10 plays a vital role in regulating cell-related processes like apoptosis, proliferation, and migration through its regulation of MAPK pathways. Studies using KO mouse models have revealed its significance in diseases such as ischemic stroke, CRC, and NSCLC, providing insights into potential therapeutic targets for these conditions.

References:

1. Song, Ni-Na, Zhao, Ying, Sun, Chuang, Yin, Xiao-Wei, Ma, Chun-Ye. 2023. DUSP10 alleviates ischemic stroke-induced neuronal damage by restricting p38/JNK pathway. In Behavioural brain research, 450, 114478. doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114478. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37164190/

2. Jiménez-Martínez, Marta, Stamatakis, Konstantinos, Fresno, Manuel. 2019. The Dual-Specificity Phosphatase 10 (DUSP10): Its Role in Cancer, Inflammation, and Immunity. In International journal of molecular sciences, 20, . doi:10.3390/ijms20071626. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30939861/

3. Png, C W, Weerasooriya, M, Guo, J, Yang, H, Zhang, Y. 2015. DUSP10 regulates intestinal epithelial cell growth and colorectal tumorigenesis. In Oncogene, 35, 206-17. doi:10.1038/onc.2015.74. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25772234/

4. Wei, Xing, Png, Chin Wen, Weerasooriya, Madhushanee, Zhang, Yongliang, Xu, Xiaohong. 2023. Tumor Promoting Function of DUSP10 in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Is Associated With Tumor-Promoting Cytokines. In Immune network, 23, e34. doi:10.4110/in.2023.23.e34. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37670811/