Fam220a, whose specific function is still being elucidated, has been implicated in several biological processes. It is potentially involved in the regulation of the STAT3 immune response pathway. It may function as a negative regulator of STAT3 phosphorylation [1].

In a study on renal injury-associated atherosclerosis, dual inhibition of endothelial miR-92a-3p and miR-489-3p in Apoe-/-mice with renal damage led to an increase in Fam220a expression. Gene reporter assays validated Fam220a as a direct target of miR-92a-3p. In human coronary artery endothelial cells, over-expression and inhibition of miR-92a-3p decreased and increased FAM220A expression, respectively, and miR-92a-3p overexpression increased STAT3 phosphorylation, likely through direct regulation of FAM220A [1]. Transcriptome sequencing in a study related to Parkinson's disease showed that Fam220a was differentially upregulated in the Dyrk1a-AAV-ShRNA group, which was expected to activate STAT family protein binding activity and participate in the negative regulation of transcription through RNA polymerase II and protein dephosphorylation. Differentially expressed genes were also enriched for pathways like neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, vascular smooth muscle contraction, and melanogenesis-related pathways [2].

In summary, Fam220a seems to play a role in regulating the STAT3 pathway, which has implications for diseases such as atherosclerosis and potentially Parkinson's disease. The studies on mouse models, like those with miRNA inhibition in atherosclerosis research and Dyrk1a knockdown in Parkinson's disease-related research, have provided insights into the function of Fam220a in these disease-related biological processes.

References:

1. Wiese, Carrie B, Zhong, Jianyong, Xu, Zhi-Qi, Kon, Valentina, Vickers, Kasey C. 2019. Dual inhibition of endothelial miR-92a-3p and miR-489-3p reduces renal injury-associated atherosclerosis. In Atherosclerosis, 282, 121-131. doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.01.023. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30731284/

2. Yong, Yuxuan, Wu, Qinfen, Meng, Xinling, Pei, Feifei, Yang, Xinling. 2023. Dyrk1a Phosphorylation of α-Synuclein Mediating Apoptosis of Dopaminergic Neurons in Parkinson's Disease. In Parkinson's disease, 2023, 8848642. doi:10.1155/2023/8848642. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37469393/