Ap3m2, also known as adaptor-related protein complex 3 subunit mu 2, is involved in protein trafficking to lysosomes pathway and is associated with specialized organelles in neuronal cells [1]. It plays a role in multiple biological processes and has implications in various diseases.

In colorectal cancer, knockdown of Ap3m2 significantly reduced the viability of CRC cell lines, and its expression was found to interact with autophagy-related genes and ROS levels, suggesting targeting it could be a strategy for CRC treatment [1].

In epilepsy research, although no missense or nonsense mutations were detected in Japanese epilepsy patients, 21 sequence variations in Ap3m2 were identified, indicating some mutations could still be candidates for neuronal disorders [2].

In alcohol-related studies, functional validation in Ap3m2 knockout mice confirmed the relationship between Ap3m2 and alcohol preference, withdrawal, and its expression was regulated by alcohol and genetics [3].

In colon cancer, bioinformatics and experimental validation showed that Ap3m2 is a cancer gene, associated with survival, could predict chemotherapy effectiveness, and might inhibit tumor growth via influencing tumor-infiltrating immune cells [4].

In conclusion, Ap3m2 is important in protein trafficking and has implications in multiple disease areas such as colorectal cancer, epilepsy, and alcohol-related behaviors. Gene knockout mouse models have been crucial in validating its role in these biological processes and disease conditions, providing insights into potential therapeutic targets and disease mechanisms.